Methodical Tracking: Scan both texts specifically for the theme mentioned in the question, selecting approximately five key points or quotations from each source to ensure a balanced response.
Annotation of Feelings: For each selected point, determine the writer's specific emotion (e.g., anxiety, delight, skepticism) and identify the linguistic device used to express it.
The Thesis Statement: Begin the response with a high-level summary that captures the fundamental difference or similarity between the two writers' overall perspectives.
Integrated Comparison: Rather than writing about Text A then Text B, structure paragraphs to discuss both texts simultaneously, using comparative connectives to bridge the analysis.
Analyzing the 'How': Always link the writer's perspective to their methods, such as the use of metaphors, rhetorical questions, or specific word choices (zoomorphism, emotive adjectives).
Temporal Differences: 19th-century texts often use more formal, elaborate syntax and descriptive language, whereas modern texts may favor directness, colloquialisms, or a faster pace.
Perspective vs. Fact: Comparison must go beyond stating what happens in the texts; it must explore the attitude the writer has toward those events.
| Feature | 19th/Early 20th Century | Modern (21st Century) |
|---|---|---|
| Style | Often formal, dense, and instructional | Often accessible, personal, and immediate |
| Tone | Can be detached or highly dramatic | Frequently conversational or relatable |
| Format | Letters, diaries, formal reports | Articles, blogs, digital journalism |
Focus on the Question: Always highlight the specific topic of comparison in the prompt; writing a general comparison of the two texts without focusing on the required theme will lose marks.
Use Comparative Connectives: Explicitly use words like 'whereas', 'conversely', or 'similarly' to signal to the examiner that you are performing the required skill of comparison.
Judicious Quotations: Select short, precise 'micro-quotes' that can be easily embedded into your own sentences to maintain the flow of your argument.
The 'Big Ideas': Look for deeper themes, such as how a writer's gender, social status, or the technology of their time influences their outlook on the subject.
Avoid Technique Spotting: Do not simply list literary devices; explain how the specific device (e.g., a simile) helps the writer convey their particular perspective.
The 'Separate Summary' Error: A common mistake is writing a summary of Text A followed by a summary of Text B without ever actually linking them together in a comparative way.
Ignoring the 'How': Students often focus entirely on what the writers think but forget to analyze the methods (language and structure) used to present those thoughts.
Generic Comments: Avoid vague phrases like 'this makes the reader want to read on'; instead, be specific about the emotional or intellectual impact intended by the writer.
Misinterpreting Tone: Failing to recognize irony, sarcasm, or a detached report-like style can lead to an incorrect analysis of the writer's true perspective.
